{"id":1920,"date":"2011-08-29T09:20:51","date_gmt":"2011-08-29T14:20:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.masterorganicchemistry.com\/?p=1920"},"modified":"2026-04-30T14:05:09","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T19:05:09","slug":"what-bonds-form-what-bonds-break","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.masterorganicchemistry.com\/2011\/08\/29\/what-bonds-form-what-bonds-break\/","title":{"rendered":"The Most Important Question To Ask When Learning a New Reaction"},"content":{"rendered":"

What Bonds Form, What Bonds Break?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Summary-What<\/a><\/p>\n

About a month or so ago I had a big revelation as an instructor. Something that I’d been taking for granted, that was right under my nose.<\/p>\n

I was spending so much time focusing on the why<\/strong> and how<\/strong> of chemical reactions, that I had neglected to make sure that students understood the what\u00a0<\/strong> – in detail.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

I was assuming that the vast majority of students could look at a reaction and quickly see which bonds were being formed and which were broken.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

I was assuming this because I’d always ask “do you have any questions about this?” and they’d say “no”. So I assumed that they had possession of this most basic and important skill.<\/p>\n

No no no no no.<\/p>\n

Because when I thought to ask, “what specific\u00a0<\/strong>bonds are formed, and what specific<\/strong> bonds are broken”, the variance in how quickly (and correctly) students could answer would be HUGE.<\/p>\n

Take this reaction:<\/p>\n

\"aldol-reaction-question-what-bonds-form-what-bonds-break-base-catalyzed\"
\nNow ask the question. What’s different? What bonds formed, and what bonds broke?<\/p>\n

Someone professionally trained in organic chemistry could answer this question as quickly as they can speak.<\/p>\n

An A-caliber student would take just a little bit longer.<\/p>\n

But for someone struggling with organic chemistry, on the threshold between success and failure, answering this question could take minutes. <\/strong>I’ve seen it happen.<\/p>\n

\"base-catalyzed-aldol-reaction-what-bonds-form-what-bonds-break\"
\n<\/a>I think because I’ve spent the better part of the past 10 years talking with other Ph.D. caliber organic chemists, I couldn’t imagine<\/em>\u00a0someone not being able to see this. It’s like trying to imagine not being able to read English. But now things are much clearer.<\/p>\n

I think that asking “what bonds were formed, and what bonds were broken” is the most important question you can ask about a chemical reaction.\u00a0After all, knowing the answer to “what happens” is a prerequisite to being able to answer “how it happens”, or “why it happens”.<\/p>\n

\u00a0And it’s a completely learnable skill.<\/strong> It’s a skill that someone could employ coming right out of gen chem. In fact, gen chem students do it all the time. Remember Hess’ law<\/strong>? Figuring out the enthalpy of a reaction by seeing which bonds break and form?<\/p>\n

The other thing is, it’s a question you can answer without knowing how the reaction works. <\/strong>The only thing you need is to be able to read chemical structures – to be able to figure out which atoms are bound to what.\u00a0 (That’s not trivial – a fair amount of effort in the first week or two of Org 1 is devoted to just that topic. In this case you’ll need to know about all the atoms that are hidden<\/a> in these line drawings.)<\/p>\n

It’s also a question you can ask about every chemical reaction you will ever encounter.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

From over 1000 hours of 1-on-1 tutoring, I don’t know that I’ve found anything that has a bigger educational impact than making sure students get this question right. It’s even more important than arrow pushing, in my opinion.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>Quiz Yourself!<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n\n

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Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n\n

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Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n\n

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Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n\n

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Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n\n

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Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n\n

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Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n\n

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Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n\n

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Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n\n

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Become a\u00a0 MOC member<\/strong><\/a> to see the clickable quiz with answers on the back. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What Bonds Form, What Bonds Break? About a month or so ago I had a big revelation as an instructor. Something that I’d been taking <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38684,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1410],"tags":[385,519,263,277,286],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-1920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-organic-reaction-primer","tag-accounting","tag-bonds","tag-reactions","tag-study-tips-2","tag-tips-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Most Important Question To Ask When Learning a New Reaction – Master Organic Chemistry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learning a New Reaction in organic chemistry\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.masterorganicchemistry.com\/2011\/08\/29\/what-bonds-form-what-bonds-break\/\" \/>\n<meta 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